Which gases are included in the greenhouse gas (GHG) statement?

The greenhouse gas (GHG) statement typically includes gases that significantly contribute to the greenhouse effect, which refers to the warming of Earth's atmosphere due to the trapping of heat. The most commonly recognized greenhouse gases listed in GHG statements include carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and fluorinated gases.

Carbon dioxide is a major contributor, primarily produced from fossil fuel combustion and deforestation. Methane has a much higher heat-trapping ability over a short time frame and is emitted during the production and transport of coal, oil, and natural gas, as well as from livestock and other agricultural practices.

The inclusion of these gases in GHG statements is crucial for understanding their impact on climate change and creating strategies to reduce emissions. This option captures the essential components of greenhouse gases recognized in various reporting frameworks, making it the appropriate choice among the available options.

Other options focus on gases or compounds that do not primarily contribute to the greenhouse effect or do not fall within the standard classification of greenhouse gases. For example, ozone and water vapor, while they play a role in atmospheric processes, are not typically included in GHG inventories in the same way as the mentioned gases. Similarly, nitrogen and sulfur